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AxisRobotics Handbook

Hardware & Integration

Robotic platforms and physical components.

Overview

Hardware & integration is how AxisRobotics connects the robot’s body (motors, sensors, parts) to the robot’s brain (AI model) so it can move and react in the real world.

1. What Hardware Means in AxisRobotics

Hardware is the physical robot you can touch. This includes:

  • Robot arms
  • Wheels or legs
  • Motors
  • Cameras
  • Sensors
  • Controllers
  • Power systems

Hardware is the robot’s body.

2. Types of Robots AxisRobotics Can Work With

AxisRobotics is built to support many robot types, not just one. Common robot platforms include:

Robotic Arms

Used for picking and placing objects. This includes:

  • Factory-style arms
  • Educational arms
  • Research arms

Examples of tasks:

  • Grab a block
  • Move an object
  • Stack items
Mobile Robots

This includes:

  • Robots with wheels
  • Robots that move around spaces
  • Delivery or inspection robots

Tasks:

  • Navigate rooms
  • Avoid obstacles
  • Move from point A to B
Humanoid or Legged Robots

This includes:

  • Robots with legs
  • Balance and walking tasks
  • More complex movement

Tasks:

  • Standing
  • Walking
  • Adjusting balance

AxisRobotics focuses on general intelligence, so the same learning system can work across many robot bodies.

3. Sensors: How Robots See and Feel

Sensors are the robot’s senses. They tell the robot what is happening around it. Common sensors used:

Cameras
  • Let robots see objects
  • Detect shapes, colors, and positions
Distance Sensors (Lidar / Depth)
  • Measure how far objects are
  • Help avoid collisions
Position Sensors
  • Tell robots where their joints are
  • Track angles and movement
Force & Touch Sensors
  • Detect pressure
  • Help robots grip objects gently

Sensors answer the question: What is happening right now?

4. Actuators: How Robots Move

Actuators are the robot’s muscles. They turn decisions into motion. Common actuators:

Motors
  • Rotate joints
  • Move arms or wheels
Servos
  • Precise movement control
  • Used in joints and grippers
Grippers
  • Robot hands
  • Open and close to grab objects

Actuators answer the question: How do I move?

5. Controllers: The Middle Brain

Controllers sit between the AI brain and the hardware. They:

  • Receive commands from the AI model
  • Translate them into motor signals
  • Ensure movements are safe and smooth

Think of controllers as translators between thinking and moving.

Without controllers, motors would move wildly and robots could damage themselves.

6. Integration: Connecting Everything Together

Integration is making all parts work as one system. Integration steps (simple flow):

Sensors → AI Model → Controller → Actuators

  • Sensors collect information
  • AI model decides what to do
  • Controller converts decisions to signals
  • Motors move the robot

This loop runs many times every second.

7. How AxisRobotics Makes Integration Easier

AxisRobotics is designed to be hardware friendly. It supports:

  • Simulation-first testing
  • Hardware abstraction (same brain, different bodies)
  • Modular robot parts
  • Standard robotics software tools

This means:

  • You can swap robot arms
  • Use different sensors
  • Upgrade motors
  • Keep the same AI brain

Intelligence is not locked to one robot.

8. Safety During Hardware Integration

AxisRobotics emphasizes safety before real movement:

  • Models are tested in simulation
  • Movement limits are set
  • Force and speed are controlled

If something goes wrong:

  • Robot stops
  • Data is recorded
  • Model is improved

Safety first, always.

9. Real World Example

Imagine a robot arm picking up a cup:

  • Camera sees the cup (sensor)
  • AI decides how to reach it (model)
  • Controller plans movement
  • Motors move the arm (actuators)
  • Gripper closes gently
  • Sensors confirm success

All of this happens in milliseconds.

Simple Analogy (Easy to Remember)

Think of a human compared to a robot:

  • Eyes = Cameras
  • Skin = Touch sensors
  • Muscles = Motors
  • Brain = AI model
  • Nerves = Controllers

AxisRobotics connects all these parts so robots can act like intelligent beings, not just machines.

Hardware and Integration